GI articles 2021-10-07 - 2021-10-19
| This issue includes 172 articles. Hope you enjoy reading and benefit from our work! |
Guidelines
| Am J Gastroenterol |
ACG Clinical Guidelines: Management of Benign Anorectal Disorders. The scientific evidence for these guidelines was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation process. When the evidence was not appropriate for Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation, we used expert consensus to develop key concept statements. These guidelines should be considered as preferred but are not the only approaches to these conditions. |
| Gastroenterology |
| J Crohns Colitis |
ECCO Guidelines on Therapeutics in Ulcerative Colitis: Surgical Treatment. The first article is focused on medical management and the present article addresses medical treatment of acute severe ulcerative colitis [ASUC] and surgical management of medically refractory UC patients, including preoperative optimization, surgical strategies, and technical issues. The article provides advice for a variety of common clinical and surgical conditions. Together, the articles represent an update of the evidence-based recommendations of the ECCO for UC. |
Meta-analysis
meta-analyses and systematic reviews
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
This study demonstrates that quantitative MRI derived biomarkers cT1 and liver fat are suitable for identifying those with NASH, and cT1 is a better non-invasive technology than liver fat to identify NASH patients at greatest risk of disease progression. MRI cT1 and liver fat therefore have important clinical utility to help guide appropriate use of interventions in NAFLD and NASH clinical care pathways. |
In real word settings, ustekinumab dose escalation was effective in achieving response in patients with CD with inadequate response, or loss of response to standard dose induction and/or maintenance therapy. |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
Endoscopic full-thickness resection of colorectal lesions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The primary aim of this study is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate EFTR for the resection of colorectal lesions. Methods Individualized searches were developed through October 2020 in accordance with PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines. Random effects models were used to determine pooled technical success, margin negative (R resection rate with relatively low risk of adverse events and recurrence, with greatest success when lesions are <20 mm. |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
A range of interventions-targeted at gastroenterologists, patients, or both-were effective in improving the provision and uptake of preventive care. Future studies should involve randomized controlled trials evaluating multifaceted interventions that target barriers to adherence and involve IBD nurses and primary care physicians. |
| J Crohns Colitis |
Response criteria and time-points of response assessment varied between studies complicating direct comparison of parameter changes and their relation to treatment outcomes. To ensure a unified approach in routine care and clinical trials, we provide recommendations and definitions for key parameters for intestinal ultrasound response to incorporate into future prospective studies. |
| J Neurogastroenterol Motil |
Medical Management of Constipation in Elderly Patients: Systematic Review. Bulk laxative, osmotic laxative, stimulant laxative with or without fiber, and other medications can be used in elderly patients in short-term within 3 months with reasonable safety. However, the quality of included studies was not high and most of studies was conducted in a small number of patients. Among these laxatives, polyethylene glycol seems to be safe and effective in long-term use of about 6 months in elderly patients. |
| Neurogastroenterol Motil |
Prevalence of disordered eating in adults with gastrointestinal disorders: A systematic review. Disordered eating is highly prevalent in adult patients with gastrointestinal illness, particularly those with DGBI. Understanding whether a patient's primary underlying diagnosis is that of an eating disorder or gastroenterological disorder remains a challenge for clinicians. There is an unmet need to identify at-risk patients so that psychological intervention can be included in the therapeutic strategy. |
Open access
Articles that are open access at time of publication, full text is typically available in PMC (link provided)
There are 6 open access articles in this group, that can be accessed through PMC as full text.
Moreover, many of the guidelines, editorials and case reports are also open access through the provided publisher link.
| Am J Gastroenterol |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Gastroenterology |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
| J Hepatol |
Studies
RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
Moderate-to-substantial agreement was observed between central and local endoscopic reads. Where disagreements occurred, local reads were systematically lower than central reads at most timepoints, suggesting potential bias. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01465763, NCT01458951, NCT01458574, NCT01470612. |
Autoimmune diseases in microscopic colitis: A Danish nationwide case-control study. Using nationwide registry data, microscopic colitis was associated with a wide range of autoimmune diseases, especially of gastrointestinal origin. The results suggest an autoimmune predisposition to microscopic colitis. |
Clinicopathological characteristics of early onset colorectal cancer. EOCRC is not only characterised by age of onset but also by the more frequent presence of signet-ring cells, more poorly differentiated tumours, and higher risk of lymph node metastases. In the most recent years, a higher proportion of rectal cancer was found from the age of 30 years, and a higher proportion of CRCs were diagnosed in females below the age of 30 years. |
The inverse dose-response association between MVPA and NAFLD confirms increased MVPA as a target for the prevention of NAFLD. |
A prediction model combining these four factors contributes to an efficient surveillance strategy for HCC occurrence after DAA-mediated SVR. |
Rumination syndrome overlaps with FD with a shared risk factor profile, suggesting a common pathophysiology. |
Trends in statin utilisation in US adults with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. In a nationally representative population with NAFLD, statin use for primary prevention has increased over time, but guideline-concordant use remains low. A known liver disease diagnosis was associated with lack of statin use in the earlier time period but not more recently, suggesting a changing perspective of underlying liver disease impacting statin utilisation. Further work to improve guideline-indicated statin use in this high-risk population is needed. |
Worldwide post-marketing safety surveillance experience with tofacitinib in ulcerative colitis. The types of AEs were consistent with those reported in tofacitinib clinical trials. Most reported AEs were non-serious. Limitations of PMS reports and reliance on estimated RRs due to lack of precise values for exposure, required for incidence rate calculation, should be considered when interpreting these results. |
| Am J Gastroenterol |
Increased Cancer Risk in Autoimmune Hepatitis: A Danish Nationwide Cohort Study. AIH was associated with a 1.5-fold increased 10-year risk of cancer compared with age- and sex-matched controls. Among patients with AIH, the risk of cancer was higher for those with cirrhosis, and it also increased slightly with longer duration of IST. |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
Coffee consumption is associated with lower liver stiffness: a nationally representative study. Coffee is associated with lower liver stiffness but not steatosis as measured by CAP among US adults. |
eRW-LT allows to increase the number of referrals for LT, ensuring effective triage and better appropriateness of visits. |
Serum CPA activity has diagnostic utility before the emergence of pancreatic atrophy as a marker of localized PDAC, including Stage I disease. |
Serum NIT's accurately stratify risk of liver-related outcomes in MAFLD patients and can be used as a screening tool for patients referred for specialist review by primary care. |
| Gastroenterology |
MEK and autophagy co-inhibition coupled with CD40 agonism invokes immuno-repolarization and is an attractive therapeutic approach for PDA immunotherapy development. |
Differences in neutralization sensitivity between HCVpp were independent of genetic distances between E1E2 clones. Neutralizing breadth of HCV antibodies should be defined using viruses spanning multiple tiers of neutralization sensitivity, rather than panels selected solely for genetic diversity. We propose that this multi-tier reference panel could be adopted as a standard for the measurement of neutralizing antibody potency and breadth, facilitating meaningful comparisons of neutralization results from vaccine studies in different laboratories. |
In this study, recovering from MetS was associated with a reduced risk of pancreatic cancer compared to persistent MetS, suggesting that pancreatic cancer risk can be altered by changes in MetS. |
New evidence is provided regarding the prevalence, patient demographics, and etiology of gastroparesis in the US general population. Wider availability of reliable objective gastric emptying measures and further education of medical professionals in recognizing and diagnosing gastroparesis would benefit future studies and improve understanding of disease epidemiology. |
Host-microbiota interactions in the esophagus during homeostasis and allergic inflammation. The esophagus has a unique microbiome with notable differences between its proximal and distal regions. Fecal matter transplantation restores the esophageal microbiome. Antibiotic induced dysbiosis exacerbates disease in a murine model of EoE. Collectively, these data establish the composition, transplantation potential, antibiotic responsiveness, and host-microbiota interaction in the esophagus, and have implications for gastrointestinal health and disease. |
Negative upper endoscopy is associated with strong and long-lasting decreases in incidence and mortality in upper gastrointestinal cancer in patients with GERD. |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
Histologic outcomes of EET using CBA and RFA for dysplastic BE, appear to be comparable. A randomized trial is needed to definitively compare outcomes between these 2 modalities. |
EUS-TTNB showed high technical feasibility, diagnostic yield, and good safety profile. EUS-TTNB may improve the categorization of the types of PCLs. Studies with standardized procedure protocols are needed to reduce the diagnostic failure for the types of PCLs. |
Plenvu showed noninferior overall bowel cleansing success rates to 2L PEG, but greater high-quality bowel cleansing in overall and right colon which might help improve the PDR in the Asian population. |
EUS-CDD with EC-LAMS at tertiary institutions within a regional HPB network for treatment of MDBO is effective in those where ERCP was not possible or unsuccessful. When technical failures or adverse events occur, the majority can be managed with conservative or endoscopic therapy. |
Majority of FAP patients with AAs did not experience CSP or require resection over 8 years of surveillance. Ampullary cancer was rare. Male gender, abnormal appearance of the papilla at AA detection, cholecystectomy and history of extracolonic malignancy are associated with CSP. Our findings favor endoscopic surveillance of AAs over expedited resection for most patients with FAP. |
In a fecal immunochemical test based colorectal cancer screening program it is possible to decrease the number of needed colonoscopies while at the same time increase overall sensitivity and specificity and detect more cancers and adenomas, by using different cut-off values for different male and female age groups. However, this will increase inequality in sensitivity and specificity, whereas other strategies like ensuring equal sensitivity could be considered. |
| Hepatology |
These findings refute the widely accepted 'gut-homing' hypothesis as the primary driver of PSC and indicate that aberrant hepatic recruitment of gut-derived T-cells is not unique to PSC, but is a pan-aetiological feature of CLD. |
Second, Bmal1 increases Rev-erbα expression, and Rev-erbα interacts with the Crebh promoter to repress expression. In short, Bmal1 modulates both the synthesis of primordial lipoproteins and their subsequent expansion into larger lipoproteins by regulating two different proteins, MTP and ApoAIV, via two different transcription factors, Shp and Crebh. It is likely that disruptions in circadian mechanisms contribute to hyperlipidemia, and avoiding disruptions in circadian rhythms may limit/prevent hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis. |
DDX17 and PXN-AS1-IR3 act as important metastatic promoters by modulating MYC signaling, suggesting that DDX17 and PXN-AS1-IR3 may be potential prognostic markers for metastatic HCC. |
GALAD Demonstrates High Sensitivity for HCC Surveillance in a Cohort of Patients with Cirrhosis. GALAD demonstrated high sensitivity for HCC detection in a cohort of patients with cirrhosis. Validation of these results are warranted in large phase III datasets. |
This GWAS demonstrates the polygenic nature of gallstone risk and identifies 46 novel susceptibility loci. For the first time, we implicate genes influencing gastrointestinal motility in the pathogenesis of gallstones. |
Hispanics with liver fibrosis display microbiome profiles and associated functional changes that may promote oxidative stress and a pro-inflammatory environment. These microbiome signatures, together with NCK2 polymorphisms, may have utility in risk modeling and disease prevention in this high-risk population. |
The potential of evaluating immuno-vascular microenvironment in predicting the clinical effect of these therapies in non-resectable HCC needs to be analyzed in the future study. CONCLUSION: HCC can be classified into four distinct immuno-vascular subtypes (IH/AS, IM/AM, IL/AG, and IL/AL) that reflect the reciprocal interaction between the anti-tumor immune microenvironment and tumor angiogenesis. In addition to its clinicopathological significance, immuno-vascular classification may also provide pathological insights on the therapeutic effect of immunotherapy, anti-angiogenic therapy, and their combination. |
Increasing Timp3 expression effectively inhibited ADAM10/ROCK1 expression and rescued the Nrf2 M-KO -mediated inflammatory response upon TLR4 stimulation in vitro. Importantly, Timp3 overexpression, recombinant Timp3 protein, or ROCK1 knockdown rescued Nrf2 M-KO -related liver IRI by inhibiting macrophage activation. In conclusion, macrophage Nrf2 mediates innate proinflammatory responses, attenuates liver IRI by binding to Timp3, and inhibits the RhoA/ROCK pathway, which provides a therapeutic target for clinical organ IRI. |
Novel insights into modifiable risk factors of cholelithiasis: A Mendelian randomization study. Our MR study corroborated the risk factors of cholelithiasis from previous MR studies. Furthermore, lower total cholesterol level could be a novel independent risk factor. |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
Bariatric Surgery in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Case-Control Study from the GETAID. Bariatric surgery is a safe and effective procedure in patients with IBD and obesity; outcomes in this patient group were similar to those observed in a control population. |
Costs related to IBD are significantly associated with the degree of IBD-related disability. Among the approximate 30% of the IBD population with IBDDI scores ≥40, the indirect costs of absenteeism and presenteeism accounts for ~75% of the total IBD-related costs. |
Intracolonic administration of BIBP significantly reduced TNF and interferon (IFN)-γ release from UC biopsies, whereas BIIE downregulated only IFN-γ (P < .05). BIBP significantly reduced TNF and interferon (IFN)-γ release from UC biopsies, whereas BIIE downregulated only IFN-γ (P < .05). Our data suggest a promising therapeutic value for NPY1R inhibition in alleviating intestinal inflammation in UC, possibly as enemas to IBD patients. |
Despite increasing use of anti-TNF and a low rate of proctectomy, the cumulative incidence of stoma formation within 5 years of Crohn's disease diagnosis has not decreased from 2003 to 2019. |
| J Crohns Colitis |
We demonstrate that monocytes and inflammatory macrophages specifically express CES1, and can be preferentially targeted by ESM-HDAC528 to achieve therapeutic benefit in IBD. |
ECCO-ESGAR Topical Review on Optimizing Reporting for Cross-Sectional Imaging in IBD. This topical review offers practice recommendations to optimize and homogenize reporting in cross-sectional imaging in IBD. |
FC from an ileostomy effluent is a highly sensitive and specific test for the assessment and monitoring of small bowel inflammation and disease recurrence in patients with CD. |
Degree of fibrosis and MAGNIFI-CD index at post-treatment MRI are accurate in predicting long-term clinical closure and seem valuable in follow-up of perianal CD. A completely fibrotic tract at MRI is a robust indicator for long-term fistula closure. |
During a median follow-up of 6.1 years (198,249 person-years), 246 incident CRC occurred (incidence rate per 1000 person-years, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.10-1.41). While the risk of CRC associated with anti-TNF exposure was not decreased in the overall group of patients with UC (HR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.58-1.26), anti-TNF exposure was associated with a decreased risk of CRC in patients with long- standing colitis (disease duration ≥ 10 years) (HR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.20-0.86). In a nationwide cohort of patients with UC, anti-TNF exposure was associated with a decreased risk of CRC in patients with long-standing colitis. |
The IBD-Bx is a valid and reliable questionnaire of IBD-related behaviours, some of which predict future fatigue burden. |
MiR-1-3p and miR-124-3p synergistically damage the intestinal barrier in the aging colon. The slight increases in miR-1-3p and miR-124-3p expression with aging may be important contributors to the breakdown of intestinal homeostasis by targeting divergent genes in different cells. These data reveal the potential ability of multiple microRNAs to exert synergistic effects to damage the intestinal barrier and promote inflammatory bowel disease development in elderly populations. |
POC IUS affects clinical decision making and could detect pre-clinical relapse in CD patients with potential to reduce additional endoscopy or MRI. In addition, the paradigm expands towards monitoring treatment and close follow-up for IUS. Based on our results we propose a POC IUS algorithm for follow-up of IBD patients. |
| J Hepatol |
A genetic risk score and diabetes predict development of alcohol-related cirrhosis in drinkers. Excessive chronic drinking leads to liver cirrhosis in some people, but so far there is no way to identify those at high risk of developing this debilitating disease. Our study has developed a genetic risk score (GRS) test that can identify patients at high risk and shows that the risk of cirrhosis is increased >10-fold with just two risk factors - diabetes and high GRS. Risk assessment using this test has potential for early and personalised management of this disease in high-risk patients. |
Despite excellent 1-year survival, morbidity in benchmark cases remains high with more than half of recipients developing severe complications during 1-year follow-up. Benchmark cut-offs targeting morbidity parameters offer a valid tool to assess the protective value of new preservation technologies in higher risk groups, and provide a valid comparator cohort for future clinical trials. |
DRD2 antagonization selectively targets YAP-dependent fibrogenic crosstalk between macrophages and CTGF + VCAM1 + endothelial cells, promoting liver regeneration over fibrosis in both rodent and large animal models. |
Females may be more sensitive to the harmful impacts of PFAS. Lipid-related changes subsequent to PFAS exposure may be secondary to the interplay between PFAS and bile acid metabolism. |
We defined a 6-gene signature that can accurately predict MVI in FFPE HCC biopsy samples, which is also associated with overall survival, although its survival impact must be confirmed by extensive study with further clinical data. |
The first wave of the pandemic differentially impacted LT across the world, especially with detrimental effects on the "hit" countries. The modifications in the policies for recipient and donor selection, organ retrieval, and postoperative recipient management were adopted at a regional or national level. |
We identified that GSTM2 could exert beneficial effects as an endogenous suppressor of ASK1 dimerization and its downstream ASK1-JNK/p38 signaling activation. Targeting GSTM2 is a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of NASH. IIT-2021-277. |
HCV reinfection rates among PWID in Scotland have risen contemporaneous with the scale-up of DAAs and broadened access of treatment to those at highest risk, through delivery in community drug services. Promotion of HCV testing post-SVR among PWID is essential to ensure those reinfected are identified and retreated promptly. |
The CRAFITY score is associated with survival and radiological response. The score may help with patient counseling, but requires prospective validation. |
| J Neurogastroenterol Motil |
IBD-IBS patients may have low QOL and psychological abnormalities, as wells as visceral hypersensitivity which may be related to increased 5-HT and NGF levels released from activated mast cells. |
Altered Intestinal Permeability and Drug Repositioning in a Post-operative Ileus Guinea Pig Model. The alteration in intestinal permeability is one of the factors involved in the pathogenesis of POI. We repositioned 3 drugs (mosapride, glutamine, and ketotifen) as novel therapeutic agents for POI. |
Our study shows that a large proportion of children cannot adequately complete the QPGS-IV and that the intra-rater reliability among those who did adequately follow the instructions is moderate. We advise to test the children's understanding of the instructions prior to completion of questionnaires and recommend to not rely exclusively on a self-reported questionnaire to select, recruit, or evaluate pediatric patients for FGIDs for research purposes. |
Clinical Characteristics of Esophageal Motility Disorders in Patients With Heartburn. The results of our study indicate that different EMDs have distinct characteristics. Cigarette smoking and high body mass index were associated with esophageal hypermotility. Assessment of the dysphagia symptom scores may help identify patients with EMDs. |
IRP values were significantly higher in patients with dysphagia and aspiration. However, its usefulness as a predictive factor for aspiration was less than the relaxation time interval of the UES. |
Esophageal manometry provided the highest yield in dysphagia; it was not a strongly beneficial test in patients presenting with nondysphagia to identify clinically relevant esophageal motor disorders. |
MNBI and PSPW index may differentiate NERD from FH patients and relate to PPI treatment efficacy in patients with NERD. |
The detailed epidemiology of belching in the general adult population was clarified. |
Subjects with constipation and poor sleep experienced severe symptoms and had poor QOL. These data support the need for a multifocal treatment approach, including lifestyle advice and pharmacotherapy. |
EST destroys not only the smooth muscle of OS, also alters the innervation interrupting the duodeno-sphincteric nerve circuit. This finding questions the use of Buscapina or other anticholinergic agent as spasmolytic in patients after EST. |
This study has confirmed the important link between gastrointestinal symptoms and food. Gastrointestinal symptoms induced by meals are frequent and associated with severity and IBS-diarrhea subtype. Our study also underlines patients' interest in food and diet. More knowledge is needed on food that triggers IBS symptoms but also on diet conditions in order to improve this condition. |
Peri-operative inflammatory markers, such as CRP level and NLR, are useful predictive factors for PPOI who received gastrectomy for gastric cancer. Moreover, prophylactic antibiotics and anti-inflammatory drugs can be preventive and therapeutic agents for PPOI. |
Proton Pump Inhibitor Use Increases Pyogenic Liver Abscess Risk: A Nationwide Cohort Study. The present data indicate that PPI use is associated with an increased PLA risk. Therefore, it is necessary to prescribe PPIs with clear indication and to avoid improper use of PPIs. |
Eleven percent of patients with IBS self-reported wheat sensitivity. None of them had positive celiac serology; 60.9% were positive for HLA DQ2 and DQ8, suggesting a possible genetic basis. All of them improved symptomatically on a wheat-free diet. |
Symptom Severity Related With Contraction Peaks in Patients With Jackhammer Esophagus. Repetitive contractions akin to a jackhammer were common amongst patients with hypercontractile esophagus. Patients with the jackhammer pattern also presented with more severe symptoms. Further distinction of hypercontractile esophagus into a jackhammer dominant subtype may be warranted. |
| Neurogastroenterol Motil |
We report, for the first time, bolus flow rate and biomechanical properties of the esophageal wall during swallow-induced primary peristalsis. Future studies may investigate biomechanical basis of esophageal motility disorders using the methodology described. |
Background Gastric emptying scintigraphy (GES) reports percent retention at 1, 2, and 4 h. Time to empty half the meal (T alone may misclassify patients, particularly those with late-phase (4 h only) delays, reducing its utility for diagnosing gastroparesis. |
Imperfect high-resolution manometry studies: Prevalence and predictive factors. Achalasia should be suspected when a curled catheter is encountered especially in older patients, while intolerant patients do not have critical motor disorders. Critically imperfect HRM studies are rare when performed by trained motility operators, which are identified in real time and aborted. |
Although patients who met the Rome IV criteria had more severe symptoms at baseline and were more likely to exhibit psychological comorbidity, they did not appear to have a worse prognosis than those with physician-diagnosed IBS. |
Severity of oropharyngeal dysphagia, as measured by the FOIS, is associated with poorer survival and shorter time to hospitalization for dysphagia-related complications, pneumonia, or death in PD. |
Reviews/Editorials
Plenty of the editorials have full text available through the publisher website using the provided link
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
| Am J Gastroenterol |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
An Approach to the Primary and Secondary Prevention of Gastric Cancer in the United States. There exists substantial, high-quality data supporting GC prevention derived from international studies. There is an urgent need for cancer prevention trials focused on high-risk immigrant and minority populations in the US. The authors offer recommendations on how strategies of primary and secondary prevention can be applied to the heterogeneous US population. |
| Gastroenterology |
| Gut |
Novel therapeutic targets for cholestatic and fatty liver disease. Apart from FXR ligands, BA signalling can be targeted by mimetics of FXR-activated fibroblast growth factor 19, modulation of their enterohepatic circulation through uptake inhibitors in hepatocytes and enterocytes, as well as novel BA derivatives undergoing cholehepatic shunting (instead of enterohepatic circulation). Other therapeutic approaches more directly target inflammation and/or fibrosis as critical events of disease progression. Combination strategies synergistically targeting metabolic disturbances, inflammation and fibrosis may be ultimately necessary for successful treatment of these complex and multifactorial disorders. |
| J Hepatol |
Asian perspective on NAFLD-associated HCC. As a result, NAFLD-associated HCC is often diagnosed at an advanced stage, rendering curative treatment impossible. Finally, despite around 20-30 years of universal vaccination, chronic hepatitis B virus infection remains prevalent in Asia, and emerging evidence highlights the importance of metabolic factors and concomitant hepatic steatosis in HCC development. Future studies should explore the role of metabolic treatments in HCC prevention among patients with hepatic steatosis and concomitant liver diseases. |
| J Neurogastroenterol Motil |
2020 Seoul Consensus on the Diagnosis and Management of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease. Based on a meta-analysis of 19 estimated acid-exposure time values in Asians, the reference range upper limit for esophageal acid exposure time was 3.2% (95% confidence interval, 2.7-3.9%) in the Asian countries. Esophageal manometry and novel impedance measurements, including mucosal impedance and a post-reflux swallow-induced peristaltic wave, are promising in discrimination of GERD among different reflux phenotypes, thus increasing its diagnostic yield. We also propose a long-term strategy of evidence-based GERD treatment with proton pump inhibitors and other drugs. |
Abdominal variants of migraine are considered pediatric precursors of migraine whereas the functional abdominal pain disorders related to migraine seem to share a pathophysiological root with no temporarily link as for today. In this review we aim to describe the epidemiological background, the current pathophysiological theories and the relationship of each disease to migraine. This review is the first to compile abdominal variants of migraine and functional abdominal pain disorders associated with migraine and we endeavor to elucidate the broad spectrum of migraine-related episodes in children. |
Pitfalls in the Interpretation of Chicago Classification for Esophageal Motility Disorders. Despite its wide acceptance, there are few pitfalls for the correct interpretation of the tests. This technique review illustrates some difficult cases that may lead to misinterpretation of the results. Difficult cases are analyzed, such as the distinction of: (1) esophagogastric junction morphology and lower esophageal sphincter excursion, (2) intrabolus pressure pattern or common cavity, (3) hypercontractile esophagus (jackhammer) and achalasia type III, (4) absent contractility and severe ineffective esophageal motility or achalasia type I, and (5) simultaneous distal esophageal spasm and ineffective esophageal motility. |
Letters&Replies
Letters to the editors and authors’ replies
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
| Am J Gastroenterol |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
| Gut |
| Hepatology |
First, we would emphasize that machine perfusion of organs for implantation (MP) is not a novel idea or technique with initial pilot applications already in the late 60-ties. More than ten years ago, Guarrera et al and others have started to demonstrate a protective effect of cold perfusion on human liver transplantation(1). |
Short-term data on machine perfusion should be extrapolated with caution. I read with great interest the publication by de Goeij et al titled "Hypothermic oxygenated machine perfusion protects from cholangiopathy in DCD liver transplantation" (1). I commend the authors on their excellent summary of an emerging field in transplant hepatology, however I advise them and the readers to exercise caution when extrapolating these results to long-term clinical outcomes. |
| J Hepatol |
| J Neurogastroenterol Motil |
Others
all remaining publications eg case reports, images of the month, etc…
| Am J Gastroenterol |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Endoscopy |
| Gastroenterology |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
| Gut |
| Hepatology |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
| J Crohns Colitis |
| J Hepatol |
| Neurogastroenterol Motil |